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APA referencing

This guide introduces the APA referencing style and includes examples of citations. Mae'r canllaw hon hefyd ar gael yn Gymreag.

Referencing theses and dissertations

Reference order

  1. Author(s) surname/family name,
  2. Initial(s).
  3. Year of publication (in round brackets).
  4. Title of thesis (in italics). 
  5. Publication number if available (in round brackets). 
  6. Doctoral thesis, awarding institution name (in square brackets). 
  7. Database where the thesis is located. 
  8. DOI if available https://doi.org/ or Retrieved Month day, year, from URL https:// 

In-text example

Competitive state anxiety does not always lead to impaired performance (Hillyard, 2021). 
OR 
Hillyard argues that competitive state anxiety does not always lead to impaired performance (2021). 

Reference list

Hillyard, C. (2021). Examining a three-dimensional model of competitive state anxiety in sport. (uk.bl.ethos.844315). [Doctoral thesis, University of South Wales]. Ethos. Retrieved July 19, 2023, from https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?did=1&uin=uk.bl.ethos.844315 

Please note, that the software used for this guide does not enable reference list examples to be shown with a 0.5 inch indent, which is how APA references should appear in a reference list.

Reference order

  1. Author(s) surname/family name,
  2. Initial(s).
  3. Year of award (in round brackets).
  4. Title of thesis (in italics).
  5. Unpublished doctoral thesis/dissertation (in square brackets). 
  6. Name of awarding institution. 

In-text example

This thesis examines the use of Sandtray in counselling with adolescents (Bilski, 2023). 
OR 
Bilski examines the use of Sandtray in counselling with adolescents (2023). 

Reference list

Bilski, K. (2023). What kinds of change occur in adolescents using Sandtray in counselling? An exploration of autonomy, causality and change in relation to counselling young people. [Unpublished doctoral thesis]. University of South Wales. 

Please note, that the software used for this guide does not enable reference list examples to be shown with a 0.5 inch indent, which is how APA references should appear in a reference list.