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Harvard referencing

This guide introduces the Harvard referencing style and includes examples of citations.
Mae'r canllaw hon hefyd ar gael yn Gymraeg

How to reference a journal article

 

Reference order:

  1. Author(s) (surname or family name before initials)
  2. Year of publication (in round brackets)
  3. Title of article (in single quotation marks)
  4. Title of journal (in italics – capitalise first letter of each word in title except for linking words such as and, of, the, for)
  5. Issue information i.e. volume (unbracketed)
  6. and where applicable, part number, month or season (all in round brackets)
  7. Page numbers

In-text example:
According to Fritsch and Schroeter (2011, p. 383) "recent empirical
research strongly indicates that the effect of new business formation on
economic development is of a long-term nature".

Reference example:
Fritsch, M. and Schroeter, A. (2011) ‘Why does the effect of new business formation differ across regions?’, Small Business Economics: An Entrepreneurship Journal, 36(4), pp. 383-400.

Reference order:

  1. Author(s) (surname or family name before initials)
  2. Year of publication (in round brackets)
  3. Title of article (in single quotation marks)
  4. Title of journal (in italics – capitalise first letter of each word in title except for linking words such as and, of, the, for)
  5. Volume (unbracketed) issue (in round brackets) page
  6. numbers if known
  7. Available at: URL of collection (OR doi) 
  8. Accessed: date (in round brackets)

In-text example:
Langhammer and Stanghelle (2009, p. 46) found that “Stroke care has changed over the last 20 years”.

Reference example:
Langhammer, B. and Stanghelle, J.K. (2009) ‘Exercise on a treadmill or walking outdoors’, Clinical Rehabilitation, 24(1), pp. 46-54. Available at: http://cre.sagepub.com (Accessed: 15 July 2010).

Example with doi
Reference example: 
Oberg, C. (2019) ‘The role of business networks for innovation’, Journal of
nnovation and Knowledge, 4(2), pp.124-128. Available at: doi:10.11016/j.jik.2017 .10.001 (Accessed: 19 June 2019).

Note: Elements such as database or collection title (eg, Cochrane Library or Sage Publications) or [Online] do not need to be included as long as your reference allows the reader to locate the article.

How to reference a newspaper article

 

Reference order:
Where the author of a newspaper article is identified, use the following citation order:

  1. Author (surname or family name before initials)
  2. Year of publication (in round brackets)
  3. Title of article (in single quotation marks)
  4. Title of newspaper (in italics – capitalise first letter of each word in title, except for linking words such as and, of, the, for)
  5. Edition if required (in round brackets)
  6. Day and month
  7. Page reference

In-text example:
Goldman accepted the largest fine in the commission’s history (Treanor, 2010).

Reference example:
Treanor, J. (2010) ‘Goldman Sachs handed record $550m fine over Abacus transaction’, The Guardian, 16 July, p. 25.

 

Reference order:

  1. Author (surname or family name before initials)
  2. Year of publication (in round brackets)
  3. Title of article (in single quotation marks)
  4. Title of newspaper (in italics – capitalise first letter of each word in title, except for linking words such as and, of, the, for)
  5. Day and month
  6. Available at: URL
  7. Accessed: date (in round brackets)

In-text example:
Kingsley (2010) suggests that the slow-reading movement is made up
of a disparate bunch of academics and intellectuals who want us to take
our time while reading and re-reading.

Reference example:
Kingsley, P. (2010) ‘The art of slow reading’, G2 section of The Guardian, 15 July. Available at: http://guardian.co.uk/books/2010/jul/15/slow-reading (Accessed: 16 July 2010).

 

Reference order:

  1. Name of person interviewed
  2. Year of interview (in round brackets)
  3. Title of interview (if any) (in single quotation marks)
  4. Interview with/Interviewed by
  5. Interviewer’s name
  6. Title of Newspaper/broadcast (in italics)
  7. Day and month of interview
  8. Page reference
  9. If published on the Internet add: Available at: URL/OR doi if available
  10. Accessed: date (in round brackets)

In-text example:
Pullman (2011, p. 30) suggests he was cast in the role
“to destabilise viewers”.

Reference example:
Pullman, B. (2011) ‘Bill Pullman: Torchwood's surprising new villain’. Interview with Bill Pullman and John Barrowman.
Interviewed by Catherine Gee for The Daily Telegraph, 14 July, p. 30.