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Harvard referencing

This guide introduces the Harvard referencing style and includes examples of citations.
Mae'r canllaw hon hefyd ar gael yn Gymraeg

Including sources in your work

There are several ways of including sources in your work. You can summarise, paraphrase or directly quote the information. Whichever you use, you let your reader know by setting out the referencing details in a subtly different way as below.

  • Summarising - if you are summarising the overall argument or position of a book or article then you only need to insert the author’s name and year of publication, you do not need to put page numbers in the text or in the reference list.
  • Paraphrasing - if you are paraphrasing a specific point from your source you should include page numbers in the text, as well as the author’s name and year. This makes it easier for your reader to find the information being referred to.
  • Direct quotation - is copying a short or long section of text, word for word, directly from a source into your work.

Direct quotations

 

 

 

 

 

Longer quotations should be indented from the main text as a separate paragraph. Quotation marks are not required.

In-text example:
Most people are biased in one way or another. Person bias, sometimes called the fundamental attribution error, is claimed to be the most common.

So we see a nurse, or a teacher or a policeman or policewoman
going about their business and tend to judge them as being particular
types of people rather than as people being constrained by the roles
that they are playing in their work (Strongman, 2006, p. 94).

Reference example:
Strongman, K. T. (2006) Applying psychology to everyday life: a beginner’s guide. Chichester: John Wiley and Sons Ltd.